Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder :: Biology Essays Research Papers

Obsessive-Compulsive DisorderObsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD) is an anxiety disease which can afflict a person throughout his lifetime The individual who suffers from OCD becomes trapped in a pattern of repetitive thoughts and behaviors that are senseless and lamentable but extremely difficult to overcome (httpwww.nimh.nih.gov/publicat/ocd.htm). Obsessions and compulsions are the two main components of this disorder. The former are often highly negative such as an present fear of germs. Compulsions such as repeated handwashings are rituals designed to lessen anxiety produced by obsessions. Depending on the gracelessness, OCD can have an adverse affect on every realm of a persons life. The outlook is optimistic, however, because research has shown that even people suffering from severe OCD whitethorn benefit from medication, behavioral therapy, or a compounding of the two. Researchers have gained much insight into the cause of the disorder by comparing OCD outlooks with norma l brains. There is continued debate about whether OCD is caused by neurobiological factors, environmental influences, or both. There is at least evidence to show that the brains of OCD sufferers differ from normal brains in systematic ways Recent preliminary studies of the brain apply magnetic resonance imaging showed that the subjects with OCD had significantly less bloodless matter than did normal control subjects, suggesting a widely distributed brain abnormality in OCD (http//www.nimh.nih.gov/publicat/ocd.htm). The white matter, which lies beneath the cerebral cortex, contains axons which connect neurons in the cerebral cortex to neurons in other parts of the brain. Lowered white matter content seems to suggest that on that point is less intracranial communication in the brains of OCD patients. Another study showed that persons having OCD often exhibit abnormal rates of metabolic activity in direct correlation with the severity of the disorder in the frontal lobe and the basa l ganglia more specifically in the orbital cortex of the brain (http//www.mhsource.com/hy/naf-ocd.html). It has been suggested that the orbital cortex is responsible for stimulating a worry circuit consisting of the tail-shaped nucleus, a part of the basal ganglia that helps in switching gears from one thought to another the cingulate gyrus, which wrenches the gut with dread, and the thalamus, which processes the bodys sensory inputs (http//www.schizophrenia.com/ami/diagnosis/ocd.html). It is hypothesized that in OCD, these 3 respective brain areas become linked in action. Susan Swedo and her colleagues at NIMH have hypothesized that because OCD behaviors have been connected with antibodies attacking the basal ganglia, repeated strep throat infections in childhood may lead the formation of the fused worry circuit.