The Adventures Of Tom Sawyer †Tribulations :: Adventures Tom Sawyer Essays

The Adventures Of turkey cock sawyer beetle Tribulations   congeal Twain uses The Adventures Of Tom Sawyer to reveal his own childhood. In the prolusion Mark Twain states Most of the adventures recorded in this book really occurred one or two were experiences of my own, the rest those of boys who were schoolmates of mine. Huck Finn is drawn from real spiritedness Tom Sawyer also, but not from an individual - he is a combination of the vulcanized fiberistics of three boys whom I knew, and therefore belongs to the composite order of architecture. This is Mark Twains The Adventures Of Tom Sawyer. From this point we begin our tour through the Adventures Of Tom Sawyers life, accompanied by his friends. It is the story about life in a boys world and it discloses feelings of Mark Twain concerning his boyhood, his town and the people there.     Tom Sawyer was a boy but not a genus that would describe good children as the protagonists. Tom Sawyer was a fie nd yet he was never malicious, but always up to a trick or a practical joke of almost kind. During the years that we view Tom Sawyer, a multitude of events had occurred. All of which are recorded in Mark Twains style. Mark Twain composes in a dishonest style, Tom Sawyers adventures being set out in an episodic journalistic report by Mark Twain. In The Adventures Of Tom Sawyer, Tom Sawyer, the lead character is seen as the protagonist, the hero of the story. The Adventures Of Tom Sawyer, also fits into the genres of satire, frontier literature, folk narrative and comedy.     Every adventure is new and more stimulating than the prior episode. These adventures are from an bountiful who views the adult world critically and looks back on the sentiments and past times of childhood in a somewhat idealized manner, with wit and also in a nostalgic way. Critics have suggested several other sources for the novel, including South Western humorist, George W. Harris. T his is an example of escapism from a society that Mark Twain had felt estranged from. Set in the old South West, in an almost poverty stricken shabby town, called St. Petersburg.

The Feel Good Hormone Essays -- Biology Essays Research Papers

Natures Own The Feel Good Hormone Sex feels good, that is why heap do it for more than simply procreation. Laughing is enjoyable, for that reason people search for things that amuse them. Touch is pleasing, therefore the massage business thrives. These things can become addictive due to the pleasurable effect that they produce. People have been exercising obsessively for a long time but only recently was an idea postulated as an explanation. Laughter often begets laughter and in large doses, has the ability to make one feel high. We do what makes us feel good human beings are naturally pleasure seekers. It is said that with drugs your first high is the best and never able to be duplicated. What keeps people using drugs, despite the downfalls associated with use, is that eternal quest for that fairylike feeling that they experienced the very first time. Pleasurable activities, like exercising, sex, laughter, touch, etc. can all become dangerously addictive. Some people will do any thing and everything for that fix. So what is it that makes people search for the next high, or feel good experience? Exercise, sex, laughter, and touch all produce positive effects inwardly the body via chemicals in the brain. These chemicals are called endorphins, a mixture of the two words endogenous, meaning from within the body, and morphine, a powerful pain fighting drug that is to a fault used and abused for recreational purposes. Endorphins are the bodys internal pain regulators. The drug opium has been used recreationally as early in the ancient Greek, Roman, and Egyptian cultures. British physician, doubting Thomas Syndenham brought opium to the public to be used for medicinal purposes around sixteen-eighty. By the end of the seventeen-twenties o... ...ing the individuals delicate, natural balance needed for survival. WWW Sources1)Heroinhttp//weber.u.washington.edu/chudler/hero.html2) The Discovery of Endorphinshttp//www.methadone.org/discover.html3)Endorphin, http//sun. hallym.ac.kr/neuro/kns/ educate/medical/endo.html4)Endorphin http//sun.hallym.ac.kr/neuro/kns/tutor/medical/endo.html5)Endorphin http//sun.hallym.ac.kr/neuro/kns/tutor/medical/endo.html6)Endrophine http//serendip.brynmawr.edu/bb/neuro/neuro99/web3/17)Endorphin http//sun.hallym.ac.kr/neuro/kns/tutor/medical/endo.html8)Natural Power of Endorphins http//www.biotech-usa.com/endorp.htm9)How Endorphins Work for You http//serendip.brynmawr.edu/bb/neuro/neuro99/web3/110)How Endorphins Work for You http//parenting.ivillage.com/11)Chile Peppers http//parenting.ivillage.com/

The Causes Of The World Trade Center Bombing :: essays research papers

In September 1929, "the Roaring Twenties," "the Era of Wonderful Nonsense," of sex, booze and jazz, ended with the stock merchandise crash that began the Great Depression. There followed the "low dishonest decade" of poet W. H. Audens depiction, as Western statesmen sought to appease their way to security and peace. On Sept. 11, 2001, as the 767s buckram into the twin towers of the World Trade Center and Pentagon, killing 5,000 Americans, another unserious era of sex scandals and stock market silliness came to an end. Recall, if you will, the summer of 2001. The story that had CNN, MSNBC and FOX news show transfixed was the saga of Gary Condit. Nightly, talk-show hosts demanded answers to the great questions Why did Gary throw away the watch box? Where did stewardess Anne Marie Smith spend her D.C. nights? By Sept. 11, the story seemed about to end in a great courtroom drama, with Anne Marie charging Gary with libel for denying she committed adultery. Wha t will the decade be remembered for? The Trial of O. J.? Who killed Jon-Benet Ramsey? The Oval Office trysts of Bill and Monica? Condit summer? Meanwhile, not to perplex about the world. For America is "the last superpower," the "indispensable nation." The New Economy will take us to "Dow 36,000" "Pax Americana" and "Global Democracy" are our destiny. On Sept. 11, the superficial era came to an end. Suddenly, for the first time since Gen. Jackson drove the British army out of Louisiana, the enemy was inside the gates, slaughtering thousands. Why? Because we adopted an open-borders policy that left tens of millions of ill-gotten aliens wandering about America, few of whom had any loyalty to us, some of whom were willing to murder us on the orders of their foreign masters. To keep the cost of labor down, we allow millions of strangers, and not a few enemies, into our home. Never before has America been so vulnerable, and corporate greed and craven politics did it to us. Tuesday, the U.S. reported that industrial production drop down for the 12th straight month. Bethlehem Steel became the latest U.S. company to go Chapter 11. U.S. factories now produce at 75 percent of capacity. Last year, the U.S. trade deficit in manufactureds hit $324 billion and the merchandise trade deficit $450 billion. The de-industrialization of America is well advanced. In a triumph of the globalists, America has become again what she has not been in generations a dependent nation.

Queers, Bums, and Kids in the City of Roses :: Free Essays Online

Queers, Bums, and Kids in the City of RosesThroughout the history of our country it has happened over and over. Development and urbanization come to a small plain, city or even an entire region and a new commercial market brings new wealth to a section of people, businesses open up, population increases and everyone is supposedly breach off. However, this development and gentrification always seems to alienate a group of society even more than it is already. Portland is a place where that is occurring today, specifically among the queer and homeless communities. However, this does not maintain to happen with some changes not only in policy, but in thinking, no one needs to be left behind.The City of Roses is home to half(a) of Oregons citizens as well as one of the economic and cultural centers of the west coast. In the past twenty years the area has openhanded rapidly due to the shift from lumber and manufacturing to technology. The city has a great reputation, so great that Mo ney magazine named it the most livable city in the country, Three decades of keen planning have reined in urban sprawl and given rise to a mini-metropolis with short, easy-to-stroll blocks renowned for java joints, brewpubs and bookstores. A superb fall down rail network and a new streetcar system are helping to make it a cinch to get around. Theres loads of culture, from the Portland Art Museum to local anaesthetic rock clubs. In States of Desire Edmund White gives an amazingly accurate description of the area immediately outside downtown. Up and up we wound on turn lanes past large, comfortable houses set back from the road, the neighborhood I had dreamed of while I pored over my first-grade reader safe, suburban, sheltered. At any moment I expected Dick and Jane to race by with Spot, as Father stepped out of his Hudson, a smile on his young face and the evening paper chthonic his arm. (71)Yes, it is a great place to live, if you are not a part of certain groups. I grew up in all areas of the greater metro area and loved it. I always felt safe, and even though the weather is notoriously horrible it is easily conceded in exchange for the beauty of the region. Amid all this new greatness lies a stark contrast. Portland has one of the highest populations of runaway youth in the country.

The Story of Organic Matter Decay in Soils Essay -- Chemistry Chemical

The Story of Organic Matter Decay in SoilsTo most people, hummus is a garlic-y chickpea plant spread for sandwiches or pita bread. However, to colly scientists, its something entirely different. Soil humus is a mixture of dark, colloidal organic compounds relatively resistant to decomposition. These compounds result from the rot of organic litter and accumulate in the O and A horizons of soils. Soil humus helps glue mineral particals into aggregates, giving structure to the soil and affecting soil stability. There are three main classifications of humus fulvic acid, humic acid and humin. Humin is insoluble but fulvic and humic acids are soluble in dillute NaOH solution. Humic acids effectuate in acidic solution, but fulvic acids remain soluble. Humic soupcons are incredibly varied in composition, but generally are characterized by 1) many nimble chemical functional groups exposed to the surrounding solution for reaction with other substances in the solution. 2) a very large cros s-linked and folded molecule with molecular weights in the hundreds of thousands of grams per molecule (Miller and Donahue, 1990, p. 185). Humus has a large surface area per unit of mass and is highly charged (similar to clay), and individual humus molecules are dynamic and constantly changing form (but may remain humus for several thousand years). Humus includes sugar amines, nucleic acids, phospholipids, vitamins, sulfolipis, polysaccharides and many other unclassified compounds (Miller and Donahue, 1990). Figure 1 shows a supposed(a) structure of a humic acid with many of the characteristic functional groups. Fulvic acid and humin have similar structures. The COOH and phenolic OH groups are weakly acidic, which give humus its pH b... ...II, the environmental conditions alone may determine the rate. (Melillo et al., 1989) Aber et al. supported this conclusion, but measured major differences in the nitrogen content during Phase II, indicating that only the carbon was uniform du ring this stage (Aber et al, 1990). Other researchers had also separated two stages of decomposition early decay, when free cellulose decomposes quickly, and later decay, when cellulose is shielded by lignin and can be icky only with the coprocessing of the lignin (Aber et al., 1990). In summary, through a series of complex reactions, microbes mediate the conversion of organic material such as leaves and twigs to the dark humus which change and glues our soils. Without these processes, the soils would be loose, non-cemented dusts and no life would be able to grow on them, and the world would be a very different place.

The Story of Organic Matter Decay in Soils Essay -- Chemistry Chemical

The Story of Organic Matter Decay in SoilsTo near people, humus is a garlic-y chickpea spread for sandwiches or pita bread. However, to soil scientists, its something entirely diametrical. Soil humus is a mixture of dark, colloidal organic compounds comparatively resistant to decomposition. These compounds result from the decay of organic litter and accumulate in the O and A horizons of soils. Soil humus helps glue mineral particals into aggregates, giving mental synthesis to the soil and affecting soil stability. There be three main classifications of humus fulvic acid, humic acid and humin. Humin is in alcohol-soluble but fulvic and humic acids ar soluble in dillute NaOH solution. Humic acids precipitate in acidic solution, but fulvic acids remain soluble. Humic grains argon incredibly varied in composition, but generally are characterized by 1) many active chemical functional groups exposed to the surrounding solution for reaction with other substances in the solution. 2) a very large cross-linked and folded molecule with molecular weights in the hundreds of thousands of grams per molecule (Miller and Donahue, 1990, p. 185). Humus has a large surface area per unit of mass and is highly charged (similar to clay), and individual humus molecules are dynamic and constantly changing form (but may remain humus for several thousand years). Humus includes sugar amines, nucleic acids, phospholipids, vitamins, sulfolipis, polysaccharides and many other unclassified compounds (Miller and Donahue, 1990). designing 1 shows a hypothetical structure of a humic acid with many of the characteristic functional groups. Fulvic acid and humin have similar structures. The COOH and phenolic OH groups are weakly acidic, which give humus its pH b... ...II, the environmental conditions alone may determine the rate. (Melillo et al., 1989) Aber et al. supported this conclusion, but measured major differences in the nitrogen essence during Phase II, indicating that only the car bon was uniform during this stage (Aber et al, 1990). Other researchers had also separated two stages of decomposition early decay, when free cellulose decomposes quickly, and later decay, when cellulose is shielded by lignin and can be decayed only with the coprocessing of the lignin (Aber et al., 1990). In summary, through a series of complex reactions, microbes mediate the conversion of organic material such as leaves and twigs to the dark humus which colors and glues our soils. Without these processes, the soils would be loose, non-cemented dusts and no life would be able to grow on them, and the world would be a very different place.

Hennes and Mauritz (H&M) Strategy Essay

Question 1Hennes and Mauritz (H&M) is a fast- shape global leader in the contrive industriousness. Hence, to squander a holistic sustain subject development point of view, we will examine and address the Marco-environment by looking at PESTEL analysis framework. The competitive forces within the spirt industry will also be revealed finishedout the Porter basketball team Forces Model.PESTEL ANALYSISCase EvidencePositive (Opportunities)NeutralNegative (Threats)POLITICAL factorsCritical observation seed from the public on H&Ms overseas suppliers welf be and working conditions.The company is under critical observation on their suppliers welf atomic number 18 and working conditions that has raised come in on upholding its branding (Yildiz, 2014,pg 580)This endangered H&M reputation as high-profile global leader in the fast-fashion industry. If the workers/suppliers are underpaid or given poor working conditions by such well known company, public will start to criticize on the comp anys image. Hence, H&M would face backbreaking governmental pressure from the concerned media, labor rights and health campaigners which will adversely affect their operation margins.ECONOMIC factorsH&M is concerned with the increased of cotton fiber and production price in AsiaLower profit margin of the company due to increased of termss in Asia. (Johnson et al., 2014, pg 575)This implies that they would need to fork out much money to get the same quality and/or lesser quantity of raw materials in their production.H&M faced inflation in 2011The descent of H&M is facing to a greater extent competitors due to the poor economic downturn and has affected how the customer spent (Johnson et al., 2014, pg 575)As economic is not doing well, customer who is more(prenominal) prone to price sensitive would purchase them and boost the companys revenue. Since economic is bad, there is a tenancy that customers will not spend so much on coif. Hence, they will strike to minimize their sp ending on changing their fashion tog so frequently and would affectthe profit margin.sociocultural factorsCustomers are more cost consciousCustomers are looking for more low-down-priced and fashionable apparel in the fast-fashion industry.(Johnson et al., 2014, pg 576)When customer is more price sensitive, they would most possible to patron from H&M since is cheap. This increases revenue of the company.Customers preferences on fashion trend changes.Customers have a broad(a) range of garment to bring from and they tend to attract to new fashion trend well. (Johnson et al., 2014, pg 576)Fashion trend is unpredictable in nature and offers a wide range of garments for customer to choose from. Moreover, it piece of ass be based on seasonal. Thus, it is difficult to manage customer expectations and H&M may not be the solely apparel tell on that customers want to patron. Hence, revenue will be affected.TECHNOLOGICAL factorsH&M established quick social media presence externally.H&M communicate with their customers through a wide range of social media platform. Eg Facebook, Twitter, Instagram, YouTube and Chinese social networks. (Johnson et al., 2014, pg 579)With a well established social media platform, customers will be more expose to H&M brand. This allows customers to keep coming back and increase the revenue.It is a good method of advertising the companys branding. However, it allows competitors to imitate easily. Eg the design of the H&M apparel could be easily copied and resell it by their competitors at a much affordable price and affect the revenue.ECOLOGICAL factorsH&M has adopted discharge Green business idea with the use of natural materials in their apparel. H&M came up with a Conscious Collection concept of exploitation sustainable materials. (Johnson et al., 2014, pg 580)This creates a positive brand image of H&M and recognition from the public of being ECO- friendly leading to increases the companys profitability. Cost of usingnatural materi als is high and may result in rising of manufacturing cost leading to reduce the profit margins.LEGAL factorsFree trading among suppliers and manufacturers due to the international trade liberalized.The pact increases the number of supplier that allows H&M to work with them at a much lower price. (Johnson et al., 2014, pg 576)It allows H&M to source their suppliers easily at a lower cost. In return, save some operational costs and improve its revenue. SummaryBased on the PESTEL Analysis, the external environment of H&M is hostile as there are more threats than opportunities. This is mainly due to the high unpredictable of Socio-Culture factor where customers trend preferences and expectations on apparel are difficult to gauge and manage. Furthermore, Economic factor further intensifies the competition as it tends to control customers willingness to spend.Porters Five Forces ModelThreat of new entrants (High)This is due to the low capital required for entrepreneurs to establish an in dependent retail which can be easily gaine through other channels. (Johnson et al., 2014, pg 576) For instance, blogshops, Qoo10 or Taobao to sell apparel. Power of Buyers (High)The power of buyer is high as there is an overabundance of retailers in the market. For instance, Zara, Gap and Uniqlo. (Johnson et al., 2014, pg 576) This implied that customers have a wide variety of stores to shop around for bargainable apparel at the best prices. This leads the buyers to switch from one brand to another effortlessly. Power of Suppliers (Low)The power of supplier is low as H&M has 140 in-house designers who come up with their own designs. (Johnson et al., 2014, pg 577) This implied that they have greater buying power when negotiating with suppliers as they are heavily dependent on H&M for manufacturing their designs.Intensity of Rivalry (High)This is mainly due to slow growth rate margin of 3.7% in the year of 2007-2011. (Johnson et al., 2014, pg 576) It increases the competition intensi veness when Zara and Uniqlo are expanding aggressively. This endangered H&M profit in 2011 and loss of $599 revenue is recorded in year 2011 (Johnson et al., 2014, pg 577)Threat of Substitute Products (Low)The threat of substitute products is low as apparel is a basic necessity for us.SummaryBased on the Porters Five Factors Model, H&M is portrayed as the most unattractive industry as there are more high results achieved. However, they may continue to stay in the fashion industry as they are able to provide low cost value to their cost conscious customers. Question 2aIn this section, we will be identifying and examining the strategic capabilities of how H&Ms resources and competencies are contributed in sustaining its competitive advantage in its long-terms survival. Strategic CapabilityResources What H&M hasCompetences What H&M do wellCase Evidence OutletsPhysicalAbility to blunt stores at attractive locationLeasing of stores allow H&M to establish a winning business location easi ly as they are able to shift and adapt quickly to the changing demand patterns in the fast-fashion industry. This creates more traffic flow of customer and in return increase business revenues since the stores are opened in hotspot shopping area.Through leasing of space, it allows H&M to shift their business locations easily to meet the changing demands patterns in the predominant market. (Johnson et al., 2014, pg579)H&M always opened their stores at the prime locations such as shopping centre or in city. (Johnson et al., 2014, pg579)Well-build structured IT infrastructure Ability to integrated all functions at all organization levelInformation on gillyflower taking is disseminated efficiently and effectively among the suppliers and the retailers. For example Integrated Communication engineering (ICT) system. This increases the companys efficiency and productivity to respond to customer involve in a fast-fashion market.H&M had the most updated and developed IT system to support t heir stock taking process. It aids to provide information efficiently and effectively between the stores and their production team. (Johnson et al., 2014, pg579) Well-established Brand Image Ability to create brand awareness nearly of H&M adverting campaigns make use of raising-notch celebrities. H&M has a brand value of $16.5 mil and was ranked 21st in 2011 as the top most valuable global brand in the Interbrand. (Johnson et al., 2014, pg579) Healthy Financial Position(Eg Balance sheet, income statement) FinancialStrong conservative Fund Management (high liquidity status)Profit margin of H&M among the competitors is recorded the highest at 19.04% as compared to (Zara) 18.53%, (Gap) 13.52% and (Uniqlo) 16.52% respectively. This indicates that H&M is more profitable and is in better control of its cost as compared to the rest.Solvency ratio of H&M is reported at the highest of 73.28% as compared to (Zara) 64.99%, (Gap) 57.75% and (Uniqlo) 32.29% respectively. This indicates that H&M has more ability to service its long term and interest debts. Similarly, they are less doubtful to fall into bankruptcy situation as compared to the rest since they are more cash wise. (Investopedia, 2014)Gearing ratio of H&M is reported at the terminal of 3.01% as compared to (Zara) 12.02%, (Gap) 21.89% and (Uniqlo) 10.55% respectively. This represents that H&M debt level is at 3.01% of its equity which is use for its continueoperation. This means debts are easily recovered from their creditors and is unlikely to face bankruptcy in economic downturn due to conservative financial management. (Accounting Tools, 2014)Figures are extracted from the comparative financial data. (Johnson et al., 2014, pg 578) Designers,HumanAbility of Executing Marketing strategyPrestigious designers were hire in strengthening their brand value and image which leads to attract more business and increase in profitability.Ability to keep up with latest fashion trendRegular research was conducted to pred ict the latest trend that suit customer preferences. This aid in retaining customers loyalty leading to more profitability.Famous designers like Stella McCartney, Viktor & Rolf, Madonna are used as their marketing strategy to relate tobrand value and image of H&M. (Johnson et al., 2014, pg 579)They work with customers to let out out their preferences and trend through focus group discussion, surveys and having the White Room to find out the new trends, materials and colours.As mentioned in the preceding analysis above, we can conclude that H&M has adopted a cost leadership business strategy. Mainly because of the core business model, high fashion/ low cost. Similarly, manufacturing are being outsourced to low labor cost countries in Asia, Far East and Africa. This let H&M to remain economic of scale that meets needs of the customer who is more prone to price sensitive.Hence, we would recommend H&M to continue to adopt the cost leadership business strategy. This is because by keepin g their cost low, they attract more price-sensitive customers and bring up their profit margin further. With this strategy, it enables H&M to grow further by entering into the new markets and products/service opportunities by incorporating the four core competencies of the ability to create brand awareness, ability to integrate all functions at all organization level with the use of IT system, a strong conservative fund management and the ability to enhance the employees performance which is implied by the Ansoff product/market growth matrix diagram as shown below.With that said, H&M could look into new markets area by looking at other modes of channels to increase their revenue. This can be done by fit up online platform such as website or mobile apps which leverage on their strong IT system. The advantage is lowering operation cost and improves revenue. However, the down lieu of setting up online platform is that competitors are able to produce the same designs at a lower price. Next,H&M could look into acquisition of authorisation and worthy brand (be it local or overseas market) as mean to achieve expansion growth. H&M strong financial position permits this move. Moreover, H&M could leverage on its expertise on logistics and brand value to new acquisition to improve its business and revenue. The advantage is to achieve synergies between brands in form of spill-over effect and open up new market and products at the same time. The disadvantage would be the risk of the investment but that can be alleviated through careful market research. Similarly, H&M could work closely with their suppliers to achieve low production cost. This enables them to produce good quality of apparel at the best price by leveraging on its ability of their employees performance. This strengthens the relationship, resulting in cost savings and improve profit margin. The disadvantage is political risk would arise if the suppliers working condition and wages are not met up to the expe ctation of the public.However, it can mitigate by reducing the pressure on company image through social media to uphold its brand value. Also, H&M might look at other materials asides from cotton to achieve incarnate Social Responsibilities (CSR). This leverages on improving the brand image as they are seen to be ECO-friendly. However, the price will be high due to materials cost is big-ticket(prenominal) and resulted in loss of revenue. This might not have great impact in the future sustainability if customer is prone to be environment conscious and dont mind paying more for that comfortability. Alternatively, H&M could expand their strategy by offering new product and services such as fashionable maternity wears and undergarments for men. This helps to increase another streams of revenue for the company as more customers are targeted. Hence, H&M shall remain in the textile industry as they are able to leverage on their core competencies to out-win their competitors with the abov e mentioned recommendations.ReferencesAccounting Tools. (2014). Gering Ratio. Retrieved Aug 29, 2014, from http//www.accountingtools.com/gearing-ratio Investopedia. (2014). Solvency Ratio. Retrieved Aug 29, 2014, from http//www.investopedia.com/video/play/solvency-ratio/ Johnson et al., G. (2014). H&M in fast fashion continued success? In G. Johnson, R. Whittington, K. Scholes, D. Angwin, & P. Regner, Exploring Strategy Text andCases Tenth Edition. Pearson Education Limited. Yildiz, P. R. (2014). H&M in fast fashion Continued Success? In Gerry, R. Whittington, K. Scholes, D. Angwin, & P. Regner, Exploring Strategy Text and Cases Tenth Edition (p. 575 -582). Pearson Education Limited.

Media Bias in Politics Essay

Media bend is alive and well in politics. It is a term used to describe prejudice in discussion and media reports, in which it is perceived as an imbalance or unfair reconcileation of facts or selective reporting of which events or facts are reported. Media bias is present in every aspect of American politics, and plays a significant role in influencing voters opinions and beliefs. The media frames the information that voters utilize within their decision making process. As a result, many have voiced their concern that the media may be conventionally distorting political opinion.Media bias has the ability to unsex voters bias, and hence, bias policy decisions. It is a distressing cycle that can either make or break a candidates campaign, as well as their chances of obtaining an office seat. It can make a villain out of a candidate or make him/her a hero. The media affects the publics interest in politics by presenting the people with what they want to suck up and hear. Within a campaign, the media leave focus their attention on the issues that they consider to be the most important.The other issues will be ignored, or placed on the back burner. This goes for candidate coverage as well. The media will focus on the candidates they consider most important, and the others will be ignored. One of the most prominent examples of media bias in politics dates back to the first televised Presidential debate between Kennedy and Nixon in 1960. It showed just how biased the media was toward public figures that oozed charisma and harbored a strong ruttish presence. It tarnished the campaigns of those whose auras were less engaging.On television, Kennedy appeared to the general public as young, vibrant full of charisma, and needless to say, television friendly. Nixon on the other hand, appeared to the general public as old and uninteresting, not suitable for television. A crownwork conducted after the televised debate suggested that radio listeners thought Nixon had won, while television viewers thought Kennedy had won, by a landslide. Needless to say, Kennedy emerged as the first President made for television. Many political candidates use the power of image, projected by the media, to influence viewers.When running for President, account statement Clinton used the media to his advantage, appearing on talk shows where he played his saxophone. To the public, this made him appear more of a people person, more accessible, and more charismatic. Barack Obama did the same thing, appearing on the View, SNL, and several other talk shows. The media loved this fun-loving side of Obama, and from this projected image, so did the American people. Other political candidates have had terrible draw with media bias. Ron Paul is a prime example. The media portrayed Ron Paul as the joke of the 2008 Presidential election.He received very little coverage. He was that boring, old computerized tomography with the uncommon Libertarian views. He did not appeal t o the American people, and as a result, was considered unelectable. Media bias is also known to greatly affect women candidates. A recent contemplate showed that men received substantially more press coverage than women. Men had somewhat twice as many stories written about them than women. Furthermore, research showed that stories about female candidates were big on emphasizing their physical appearance and personal lives.There were approximately three prison terms as many physical descriptions (referencing their clothing style, hair, age, etc. ) as their male competitors in the race. Furthermore, women candidates were portrayed in a stereotypical light, as being more emotional and oftentimes, their professional titles were excluded from stories. In the 2008 presidential election, Obama was far more prominent in the press than his female competitor, Hillary Clinton. Both candidates announced their run for presidency in January of 2007.Despite the fact that Clinton had higher pol l ratings than Obama, the six most influential newspapers in the United States ran twice as many stories mentioning Obama in the headline than Clinton that month. Sarah Palin is another woman candidate/ victim of prejudicious media bias. A great deal of the media coverage that Palin has garnered has been negative. The media focused a great deal on her physical appearance and her family life. During her campaign, her 17-year-old daughter, Bristol, became pregnant, and the media coldheartedly used that to bash Palins parenting skills, deliverance personal life into politics.The media questioned how can Palin be a good president if she cant be a good mother? Furthermore, the media criticized Palin for not staying business firm to care for her sick child who had been born with Downs Syndrome. Perhaps it is this brutal media bias towards women that scares them away from the political arena. The media is influential in politics, past, present, and future. For those who do not take the time to educate themselves on matters of politics, they depend on the media to exhibit the news in a readily accessible form.It becomes easy to grasp how crucial the media is, and what the effects of the news on society will be. Media bias can make or break a political candidate. Positive and frequent media coverage wins elections. Negative and/or minimal media coverage loses elections. Some candidates have learned how to use the media to their advantage, while others have little control, unable to recover from the scars left from negative media bias. Media bias will forever be a part of American politics, and to be in its favor welcomes success.

Why Me

What was I dismission to do My mom was going to freak taboo on me. Oh no Not my Dad, he is going to decimate me. I have no idea what I am going to do Who is going to be in that location for me and help me draw a bead on by means of entirely this.At this point I had no idea what to do. I sat in my room crying and praying to God to breed me through all of this and tip over me courage to tell someone what was going on.Tina, I barely said crying to my infant as she answered her cell phone.Whats wrong My sister replied.Tina I adopt to talk to you please help me Im scared, I said hysteri clamory crying.Why Maria What is going on Where are you she asked in daunted manner.Im here at home. Please dont be mad at me, I posit you, I said barely even enunciating my words.Maria, I need you to calm air down, hon tell me whats going on, she said in a soothing concerned voice.Tina, I said with tears pouring out my eye. I found out that.well Im pregnant.Oh honey, are you positive(predic ate) Ill make a doctors appointment for sure, but until we know for sure dont say some(prenominal)thing. So calm down and Ill call you later. I fill in you, Tina told me.I love you too Thanks. I said with a new feeling of comfort.I know my sister would be there for me, but I was astonished in how understanding she was about this. She went with me to the doctor and when we found out that I was ten week into my pregnancy. She talked to me about all the options. It was solve to me that it would be awkward to have a baby so young, but I knew I had to keep my angel, I would have to face the consequences of my actions.The next deuce weeks were the longest weeks of my support knowing in seven months I would be having my own little angel. Right then I knew I had to change my life.I tried to get back in the jest of things at school but there was no way I could pass with all that I had missed. So I started working and saving money, but as things started to go cracking and I got my head back on my shoulders, I had a miscarriage.I cried in inconvenience because my baby was gone and I couldnt do anything to get my angel back. Maybe it was for the best because God knows what hes doing. That was my wake up call, to start over get things straight for my own good.Im in my senior year doing everything I can do to succeed. Working as hard as I need to, in roll to get in a University and be successful, not for just me but for my angel that will cope back later in my life when Im much ready and prepared. I have no regrets, because my trust is in God, and I respect His decision. So now I need to do my part and Im automatic to work as hard as I need to, to be what I need to be.Its crazy to remember that I belike wouldnt even be in school writing this because I would be having a baby any day now. I wonder why this had to come up to me, and when I think about it I just want to cry because a part of me has died. Although, Im also relieved, because I know God did this to o pen my eyes and make me twisting my life around. Now Im working as hard as I can to make my dreams of going to college and being successful come true, not for any body else, but myself and my little angel.Why MeWhat was I going to do My mom was going to freak out on me. Oh no Not my Dad, he is going to kill me. I have no idea what I am going to do Who is going to be there for me and help me get through all this.At this point I had no idea what to do. I sat in my room crying and praying to God to get me through all of this and give me courage to tell someone what was going on.Tina, I barely said crying to my sister as she answered her cell phone.Whats wrong My sister replied.Tina I need to talk to you please help me Im scared, I said hysterically crying.Why Maria What is going on Where are you she asked in bothered manner.Im here at home. Please dont be mad at me, I need you, I said barely even enunciating my words.Maria, I need you to calm down, hon tell me whats going on, she said in a soothing concerned voice.Tina, I said with tears pouring out my eyes. I found out that.well Im pregnant.Oh honey, are you sure Ill make a doctors appointment for sure, but until we know for sure dont say anything. So calm down and Ill call you later. I love you, Tina told me.I love you too Thanks. I said with a new feeling of comfort.I know my sister would be there for me, but I was astonished in how understanding she was about this. She went with me to the doctor and when we found out that I was ten week into my pregnancy. She talked to me about all the options. It was clear to me that it would be hard to have a baby so young, but I knew I had to keep my angel, I would have to face the consequences of my actions.The next two weeks were the longest weeks of my life knowing in seven months I would be having my own little angel. Right then I knew I had to change my life.I tried to get back in the jest of things at school but there was no way I could pass with all that I had miss ed. So I started working and saving money, but as things started to go straight and I got my head back on my shoulders, I had a miscarriage.I cried in pain because my baby was gone and I couldnt do anything to get my angel back. Maybe it was for the best because God knows what hes doing. That was my wake up call, to start over get things straight for my own good.Im in my senior year doing everything I can do to succeed. Working as hard as I need to, in order to get in a University and be successful, not for just me but for my angel that will come back later in my life when Im more ready and prepared. I have no regrets, because my trust is in God, and I respect His decision. So now I need to do my part and Im willing to work as hard as I need to, to be what I need to be.Its crazy to think that I probably wouldnt even be in school writing this because I would be having a baby any day now. I wonder why this had to happen to me, and when I think about it I just want to cry because a par t of me has died. Although, Im also relieved, because I know God did this to open my eyes and make me turn my life around. Now Im working as hard as I can to make my dreams of going to college and being successful come true, not for any body else, but myself and my little angel.

Women in Mythology

In myths the classical hero is consistently male, but in under ground myths females tend to have a larger or primary social function. Jung emphatic the importance of the women the hero encountered during his adventures they represent the anima, or the female part of the male psyche. This figure is an opposite-sex archetype essential to the development of a complete and mature personality. Women in underworld myths are often portrayed as either M other Atonement, a goddess or a enchantress (189), although these are the main roles of women in underworld myths there are also women who portray a heroic role closer to that of a man.The first myth is the fabrication of intellect Psyche loses her husband Cupid and must perform a series of tasks to win him back. The role of Psyche is comparable to that of a male role in a handed-down heroic archetype because she must complete a series of tasks in order to test her, and show her worthiness to Cupid. It is different because this myth d oes not cop for each one part of separation and departure, trials and victories or surpass.This story includes the call to adventure, which is when Psyche loses cupid, the road of trials where Psyche must complete her many tasks and crossing the return threshold where she wins Cupids love back. The role of the woman, Psyche, in this myth and in prevalent is significant because she figure outs not as much of a hero role but has to endure the process that a hero would take, she also plays neither a seductress nor a Mother Atonement role in comparison to other mythological women such as the Lady of Tubber Tintye or the virgin goddess Diana.The second myth is The Prince of the Lonesome Isle. All of the women, minus one, in this particular myth play the roles of temptresses. The first thirteen women the hero comes across are the most beautiful women he has ever laid eyes on, each more beautiful than the previous, each continuously tempting the prince to stay but he leaves them nonet heless. The last woman in the myth, the Lady of Tubber Tintye, plays the role of a creator goddess who nourishes and protects the world(189), he stays with her half-dozen days and six nights but tranquillize continues and completes his quest (Jeremiah Curtin 101-106).The ways in which the roles of the women differ from the male roles in the traditional heroic archetype are that the women do not present a heroic archetype but or else that of a distraction from the princes original quest he wishes to complete. In the morning they came to a house on the roadside and going in, they saw a woman who had washed herself in a golden basin which stood before her. She was then wetting her head with the water in the basin, and combing her hair with a golden comb. She threw back her hair, and looking at the prince, said You are welcome, sisters son.What is on you? Is it the misfortune of the world that has brought you here? It is not I am going to Tubber Tintye for three bottles of water. That is what youll never do no man can cross the fiery river or go through the enchantments around Tubber Tintye. Stay here with me, and Ill give you all I have. No, I cannot stay, I must go on. (Jeremiah Curtin) These women are significant to the actual story because they show how the prince resisted the calls of the seductresses, met and united with a goddess who helped him to fulfill his quest.These women in the myth are significant to the portrayal of women in myths in general because they fit the stereotype of women in underworld myths being evil temptresses. But it also breaks the mold seeing as once the prince meets with the creator goddess, queen goddess of the world(189) she helps him to fulfill his quest rather than hindering his quest or inhibiting his ability, such as in the myth of Actaeon and the virgin goddess Diana. In the last myth, the myth of Actaeon and the virgin goddess Diana (Artemis), Actaeon stumbles across Diana while he is inquisition and happens to se e her while she is bathing in a stream.Diana fears that he will brag about seeing her, and turns him into a stag, which then his own hunting dogs are set on him (189). Dianas importance to the story shows the power that women have, they are not just pretty faces there is always something more to them. To the general portrayal of women in myths Diana unmasks the Greek males fear of women female beauty is not just there for his enjoyment it has a power to trap and then revoke (Andrew Wilson) Dianas roll differs from the traditional male heroic archetype because she is an object of lust turned somewhat evil rather than brave or heroic.She is similar to that of the heroic archetype of a male because she is a vengeful destroyer (Storybuilder Users Manual) towards Actaeon. In conclusion, throughout underworld mythology the role of women can stray from the typical temptress or goddess and find their way to being a woman called to an adventure. They all have significance to be able to ch ange mythology from a man solitary(prenominal) perspective, into one where a woman can also be the hero.Although most of the women in these myths are have more differences from the male heroic archetype than similarities, they still have some form of the heroic archetype to them Psyches love for Cupid is tested through tasks, and Diana uses her vengeful destroyer attitude. The women of underworld mythology show that women are not just their beauty or for looking at, they have an underlying root of skill that should allow them their own heroic archetype as well. kit and boodle Cited Campbell, John. Hero with a Thousand Faces. Magical Earth Maiden Pattern. Princeton University Press, n. d. Web. 14 Feb. 013. . Curtin, Jeremiah. The King of Erin and the Queen of the Lonesome Island. Myths and Folk-lore of Ireland. Little, Brown and Company, n. d. Web. 14 Feb. 2013. . Storybuilders User Manual. Archetypes, Myths, and Characters. Archetypes, Myths and Characters. Seven Valleys Softwa re, Glen Rock, PA, 1996-1998. Web. 14 Feb. 2013. . Thury, Eva M. , and Margaret Klopfle Devinney. Introduction to Mythology Contemporary Approaches to Classical and World Myths. New York Oxford UP, 2005. Print. pages 185-191 Wilson, Andrew. Diana & Actaeon. The Classics Pages. N. p. , n. d. Web. 14 Feb. 2013. .

Essentialism in society Essay

Essentialism in society is the practice of regarding something (as a presumed human trait) as having innate existence or universal validity sooner than as being a social, ideological, or intellectual construct, or in simpler terms, ascribing one trait or set of traits to a specific group of volume, irrespective individual variations or possible variations ( Spelman, n. d. ).Essentialism is practiced by everyone as a biological pattern-recognition mechanism. It can, however, and frequently is, used as a hostile tool to vanquish and subject people grouped together by race, sexual urge, financial circumstances, and sexual identities and orientations. Essentialism is a dangerously powerful tool employed by politicians hoping to incite the emotions of the superior general populace enough to overlook the rationality of their words and meanings.Essentialism is degrading to every person on a personal level it strips individuals of individuality, attributing traits based on pelt tone, hai r color, religious beliefs, sexual preferences, sexual identity, gender identity, body type, clothing choices leaving room only for what are considered the basics, regardless of their truth or falseness. It defines gender roles, race roles, any role based on these traits (Narrative Therapy, n.d. ). The increasingly accessible media of popular medical specialty acts only as fuel for reducing whole bodies of people to one set of traits. Statistics regarding record sales are null and void when the actual listening audition of any popular music is concerned it is vie in shopping malls, on public transportation, in private businesses, often on public streets any genre of popular music has an ample audience at any given moment in time.For that reason alone its many mixed messages are spread wide and unevenly (Book Rags, 2009). Pop music has songs with confident lyrics, cocky lyrics, lyrics alluding to serious depression, jealousy, melancholy, drinking and drug habits (healthy and unhea lthy), often revolving around and promoting traditional (that is, mainstream) gender roles, sexual identities, and racial identities.Record sales alone debate a substantial audience willing to invest monetarily in songs they may or may not necessarily agree with the lyrics of however, the continued inclusion of such essentialist lyrics is a significant indication that a majority of listeners, if not in complete agreement with them, are not actively attempting to staunch the accelerating insertion of essentialism into the casual lives of its listeners (On Distinction, 2009).BibliographyElizabeth, Spelman. Inessential Woman. Google. 02 July 2009 . Book Rags. Google. 2 July 2009 . Narrative Therapy. Google. 2 July 2009 . On Distinction. 07 July 2006. Google. 2 July 2009

English Exit Exam Essay

My paper journey this semester has been a roller coaster. Since the beginning of this course I have improved in so umteen different areas. When I first began in this secern, I didnt have a clue how to start my essays. I wasnt very good with being descriptive either. On top of that, revising was something I detest to do. My writing process was very messy and organization was never something I considered when writing a paper. Since taking this class my skills in organization, revision, and description have improved tremendously.I wasnt a well-favored fan of drafting before I started this class. My writing process has always been all over the place. I could be writing paragraph one and then skip to paragraph four for no unembellished reason. Sometimes I would just write different paragraphs on different pieces of papers and then put them all together afterwards. In this class I was taught why drafting is so important to my writing process. It helped me be more organized and less s tressed. My mind was in one place and on track, sort of than all over the place.If drafting and organizational skills werent already big enough issues to deal with, then revision definitely was. In the past, I hated having to read over my paper repeatedly until it was near perfect. On top of that, event though my personality is big, it doesnt mean Im big on sharing my work. I was scared that if I do a simple mistake the person revising my paper would think I was stupid. aft(prenominal) reading over some of my classmates papers I learned they made some of the similar mistakes as me. Then I came to realize Im only human and Im going to make mistakes. It was something I had to get use to and Im glad I gained that occupation in my life.Even though I did a plenitude of writing in my English class, there were other things we had to do also. Almost every dark we had to read in our textbook. The textbook taught me a lot more or less the right and wrong things to do while writing. It also explained to me the different styles of writing and gave plenty of examples. non only did I read the book, but I finished an online writing class. This Writing Class was mainly about grammar and how to correct grammar errors. Before writing class, I really didnt know how to use commas.I would guess most of the time and hope I was right. I should have known one mean solar day it was going to catch up with me and it did. Luckily for me, I had a wonderful professor to teach me and help me with my problem. After studying my professors bawl out and doing the online activities, I was ready to take the online quiz. When I took it, I passed it with flying colors. I really worked hard in all the subjects in Writing Class and I ended up passing all of the quizzes, even the post test.I was recently instructed to revise two of my previous essays Ive written in class for my portfolio. I automatically k young which ones I wanted to revise. My first one was about my writing journey throug hout life. I needed to be more descriptive and also had some grammatic errors to fix. The essay was based upon how I used to read to my peers in Pre-K, which led to me making my own short stories. It also tells about the time I had my poem published in high school by my teacher.Not being descriptive was the main problem I had with this essay. When I wrote my draft I didnt paint a picture for my audience to see where I was coming from. Instead of saying The big red hold, I would just write, the chair and the difference in these two quotes are obvious and can automatically tell which one is more descriptive. With some(prenominal) changes made to this essay I would say I worked really hard on this one. Especially since it was a more personal subject, I put a lot of work into it.My second essay assignment was to write about a club or organization on campus. The purpose of the essay was to get new college students to join the club of my choice. I chose ROTC because I was a part of it i n high school. I love the feeling I got from my lieutenant and cadets. We were all the like a big family and kept up with each other a lot. From speaking to a former cadet that attends GGC, I have confirmed that ROTC is the same at this school in many aspects. When writing my draft, again, I didnt explain things thoroughly.I needed more evidence to support my claims. In many sentences I didnt use the right word either. Misspelled words and comma splices were all through my paper. When I took the time to revise it, I was suitable to fix these problems. Instead of letting Microsoft Word find my mistakes, I carefully read through it and did it myself. I reviewed the comma splice lesson and was able to find where those were in my paper. When I did more research on the club, I was able to add more details to my paper. In no time my final copy looked completely from where I started.As a child I was told hard work get out definitely pay off. With all my hard work in the class I am hopin g that it will surely pay off in me exiting this class early. I have learned to revise my papers, be more descriptive, correct grammatical errors, and last but not least have an organized writing process. With the skills Ive learned in this class I will be able to succeed in my other classes. Every class in college has some form of writing so I will never get external from it. In order to succeed in my major, I will need to take my writing seriously. It is amazing how I was able to learn so more in so little time. I am glad I was able to fix my faults and write a great paper. I think you will enjoy my portfolio and be more than happy to pass me.

Sexual Violence

We all know that our prisons are the final point for the socially rejected criminals and violent transgressors. We know that our prisons are so overcrowded that the authoritative Court of California issued a court order to reduce the number of inmates. We know that since there are more inmates in prison the chance of get rehabilitated are very slim to none. And we also know that the ratio of supervision of guard to inmate is extremely high. But do we know what goes on in our prisons and jails? We know we cast prison gangs, drugs, assaults, robberies, and even murders in prison.But what happens when you mix an overcrowded prison or jail with violent, drug using, angry, abusive, gang related men with the total person who is in prison or jail for the first time. The result is an aggressive sexual act known as inmate reave. The fight against rape in our communities is doomed to failure and will continue to be so as long as it ignores the training grounds for rapists our prisons, jai ls and reform schools. For too long, we have turned away from the rape crisis in these institutions, which now hold 1. 3 million men and boys.In most of them, rape is an entrenched tradition considered by prisoners a legitimate way to prove their manhood and to satisfy sexual needs and the brutal desire for power. The exact number of sexually assaulted prisoners is unknown, but a hidebound estimate, based on two decades of surveys, is that more than 290,000 males are sexually assaulted behind bars every year. By comparison, the Bureau of Justice Statistics estimates that there are 135,000 rapes of women a year nationwide, though many groups believe the number is higher. (Mezey and King, 1995).

Foundation PART IV THE TRADERS

1.TRADERS and constantly in hap of the political hegemony of the foot were the Traders, reaching erupt tenuous fingerholds with the tremendous distances of the Periphery. Months or years top executive pass mingled with landings on Terminus their ships were often nonhing more(prenominal) than patchquilts of home-make repairs and improvisations their h unitysty was n nonpareil of the highest their daringThrough it both they forged an empire more enduring than the pseudo-religious despotism of the Four KingdomsTales with extinct end argon told of these massive, lonely figures who eagre half-seriously, half-mockingly a motto adopted from one of Salvor Hardins epigrams, neer let your sense of ethical motive hinder you from doing what is right It is difficult clamantly to tell which tales ar real and which apocryphal. There atomic number 18 none plausibly that hit non suffered virtu each(prenominal)y exaggeration.ENCYCLOPEDIA GALACTICALimmar Ponyets was completely a-lat her when the c either reached his receiver which proves that the old cliche about tele spateages and the shower holds true even in the dark, hard space of the Galactic Periphery.Luckily that ruin of a free-lance trade ship which is non given over to miscellaneous merchandise is exceedingly snug. So much so, that the shower, hot water included, is located in a 2-by-four cubby, ten feet from the control panels. Ponyets comprehend the staccato rattle of the receiver quite plainly.Dripping suds and a growl, he stepped out to adapt the vocal, and three hours later a second trade ship was alongside, and a grinning youngster entered through the air tube between the ships.Ponyets rattled his best chair forward and perched himself on the pilot-swivel.Whatve you been doing, Gorm? he asked, darkly. Chasing me all the course from the root?Les Gorm broke out a cigarette, and shook his head definitely, Me? not a chance. Im merely a sucker who happened to land on Glyptal IV the day a fter the mail. So they sent me out after you with this.The tiny, gleaming sphere changed hands, and Gorm added, Its confidential. Super-secret. Cant be trusted to the sub-ether and all that. Or so I gather. At least, its a Personal Capsule, and wont open for allone tho you.Ponyets regarded the capsule distastefully, I locoweed see that. And I neer knew one of these to hold good news, either.It opened in his hand and the disregard, transparent tape unrolled stiffly. His eye sweep the message quickly, for when the go of the tape had emerged, the first was already brown and crinkled. In a minute and a half it had turned black and, molecule by molecule, fallen apart.Ponyets grunted hollowly, Oh, galaxyLes Gorm utter quietly, Can I help somehow? Or is it in addition secret?It will bear telling, since youre of the Guild. Ive got to go to Askone.That place? How break a go at it?Theyve imprisoned a bargainer. nevertheless keep it to yourself.Gorms expression jolted into anger , Imprisoned Thats against the Convention.So is the interference with local politics.Oh Is that what he did? Gorm meditated. Whos the trader? Anyone I know?No say Ponyets sharply, and Gorm accepted the implication and asked no further questions.Ponyets was up and staring darkly out the visiplate. He mumbled strong expressions at that part of the misty lens-form that was the body of the Galaxy, and so give tongue to loudly, Damnedest mess Im way behind quota.Light broke on Gorms intellect, Hey, friend, Askone is a closed area.Thats right. You cant grapple as much as a penknife on Askone. They wont obtain nuclear gadgets of either sort. With my quota dead on its feet, its murder to go thither.Cant get out of it?Ponyets shook his head absently, A know the fellow involved. Cant cracking out on a friend. What of it? I am in the hands of the Galactic Spirit and walk cheerfully in the way he points out.Gorm verbalize blankly, Huh?Ponyets looked at him, and laughed goldbrickly, I forgot. You never read the Bood of the Spirit, did you?Never heard of it, said Gorm, curtly.Well, you would if youd had a religious training.Religious training? For the priesthood? Gorm was profoundly shocked.Afraid so. Its my dark dishonor and secret. I was too much for the Reverend Fathers, though, They expelled me, for reasons sufficient to promote me to a secular education under(a) the launching. Well, look, Id better push off. Hows your quota this year?Gorm crushed out his cigarette and adjusted his cap, Ive got my last cargo passage now. Ill confound it.Lucky fellow, gloomed Ponyets, and for piecey minutes after Les Gorm left, he sat in motionless reverie.So Eskel Gorov was on Askone and in prison as wellThat was bad In fact, considerably worse than it index appear. It was one thing to tell a curious youngster a diluted version of the occupation to throw him off and send him about his own. It was a thing of a different sort to baptistry the truth.For Limmar Ponyets was one of the few people who happened to know that pro Trader Eskel Gorov was not a trader at all precisely that entirely different thing, an agent of the Foundation2.Two hebdomads gone Two weeks wasted. mavin week to reach Askone, at the extreme borders of which the vigilant warships speared out to meet him in converging numbers. any(prenominal) their detection system was, it worked and well.They sidled him in backwardly, without a signal, maintaining their cold distance, and pointing him harshly towards the central sun of Askone.Ponyets could have handled them at a pinch. Those ships were holdovers from the dead-and-gone Galactic Empire besides they were sports cruisers, not warships and without nuclear weapons, they were so many picturesque and impuissant ellipsoids. besides Eskel Gorov was a prisoner in their hands, and Gorov was not a hostage to lose. The Askonians must know that.And thusly another week a week to wind a weary way through the clouds of small fry offi cials that formed the buffer between the meretricious superordinate and the outer world. Each myopic sub-secretary required soothing and conciliation. Each required careful and na workating milking for the flourishing signature that was the pathway to the neighboring official one higher up.For the first time, Ponyets found his traders identification papers useless.I promptly, at last, the horrible Master was on the other side of the Guard-flanked gilded door and two weeks had gone.Gorov was bland a prisoner and Ponyets cargo lousy useless in the holds of his ship.The portentous Master was a small man a small man with a balding head and very wrinkled face, whose body seemed weighed down to motionlessness by the huge, shining fur collar about his neck.His fingers moved on either side, and the line of armed men O.K. away to for a passage, along which Ponyets strode to the foot of the Chair of State.Dont speak, snapped the railyard Master, and Ponyets opening lips closed ti ghtly.Thats right, the Askonian ruler relaxed visibly, I cant endure useless chatter. You cannot threaten and I wont abide flattery. Nor is thither room for injured complaints. I have lost count of the times you wanderers have been warned that your d diabolicals railroad cars are not wanted anywhere in Askone.Sir, said Ponyets, quietly, there is no attempt to justify the trader in question. It is not the policy of traders to intrude where they are not wanted. But the Galaxy is great, and it has happened before that a saltation has been trespassed unwittingly. It was a deplorable mistake.Deplorable, surely, squeaked the Grand Master. But mistake? Your people on Glyptal IV have been bombarding me with pleas for negotiation since two hours after the sacrilegious poor devil was seized. I have been warned by them of your own coming many times over. It seems a well-organized rescue campaign. practically seems to have been anticipated a minute too much for mistakes, deplorable or oth erwise.The Askonians black eyes were scornful. He raced on, And are you traders, flitting from world to world like mad little(a) butterflies, so mad in your own right that you can land on Askones largest world, in the center of its system, and consider it an unwitting boundary mixup? Come, surely not.Ponyets winced without showing it. He said, doggedly, If the attempt to trade was deliberate, your adoration, it was most injudicious and contrary to the strictest regulations of our Guild.Injudicious, yes, said the Askonian, curtly. So much so, that your comrade is likely to lose feeling in payment.Ponyets stomach knotted. There was no scruple there. He said, Death, your Veneration, is so absolute and irrevocable a phenomenon that certainly there must be some alternative.There was a pause before the guarded fare came, I have heard that the Foundation is rich.Rich? Certainly. But our riches are that which you refuse to take. Our nuclear goods are worth(predicate)Your goods are wo rthless in that they lack the genetic blessing. Your goods are wicked and accursed in that they lie under the ancestral interdict. The sentences were intoned the recitation of a formula.The Grand Masters eyelids dropped, and he said with consequence, You have nothing else of value?The corresponding was lost on the trader, I dont understand. What is it you want?The Askonians hands spread apart, You ask me to trade places with you, and make cognize to you my wants. I think not. Your colleague, it seems, must suffer the punishment set for sacrilege by the Askonian code. Death by gas. We are a just people. The poorest peasant, in like fleetrence, would suffer no more. I, myself, would suffer no less.Ponyets mumbled hopelessly, Your Veneration, would it be permitted that I speak to the prisoner?Askonian law, said the Grand Master coldly, allows no communication with a condemned man.Mentally, Ponyets held his breath, Your Veneration, I ask you to be merciful towards a mans reason, in the hour when his body stands forfeit. He has been separated from uncanny consolation in all the time that his life has been in danger. Even now, he faces the prospect of firing away unprepared to the bosom of the Spirit that rules all.The Grand Master said slowly and suspiciously, You are a quick of the Soul?Ponyets dropped a humble head, I have been so trained. In the empty expanses of space, the wandering traders get men like myself to care for the spiritual side of a life so given over to commerce and worldly pursuits.The Askonian ruler sucked thoughtfully at his lower lip. Every man should prepare his soul for his journey to his ancestral spirits. Yet I had never thought you traders to be believers.3.Eskel Gorov wound up on his redact and opened one eye as Limmar Ponyets entered the heavily reinforced door. It boomed shut behind him. Gorov sputtered and came to his feet.Ponyets They sent you? refined chance, said Ponyets, bitterly, or the work of my own personal malevo lent demon. Item one, you get into a mess on Askone. Item two, my sales route, as known to the Board of Trade, carries me within fifty parsecs of the system at just the time of item one. Item three, weve worked together before and the Board knows it. Isnt that a sweet, inevitable set-up? The answer just pops out of a slot.Be careful, said Gorov, tautly. Therell be someone listening. Are you wearing a Field Distorter?Ponyets indicated the ornamented bracelet that hugged his wrist and Gorov relaxed.Ponyets looked about him. The cell was bare, but large. It was well-lit and it lacked offensive odors. He said, Not bad. Theyre treating you with put one over gloves.Gorov brushed the remark aside, Listen, how did you get down here? Ive been in strict solitary for almost two weeks.Ever since I came, huh? Well, it seems the old bird whos boss here has his weak points. He leans toward worshipful speeches, so I took a chance that worked. Im here in the capacity of your spiritual adviser. The res something about a pious man such as he. He will cheerfully cut your throat if it suits him, but he will hesitate to endanger the welfare of your immaterial and problematical soul. Its just a piece of existential psychology. A trader has to know a little of everything.Gorovs smile was sardonic, And youve been to theological school as well. Youre all right, Ponyets. Im glad they sent you. But the Grand Master doesnt love my soul exclusively. Has he mentioned a exchange?The traders eyes narrowed, He hinted barely. And he also threatened goal by gas. I played safe, and dodged it might easily have been a trap. So its extortion, is it? What is it he wants?Gold.Gold Ponyets frowned. The metal itself? What for?Its their medium of exchange.Is it? And where do I get fortunate from?Wherever you can. Listen to me this is important. Nothing will happen to me as long as the Grand Master has the scent of favourable in his nose. Promise it to him as much as he asks for. Then go dorsum to the Foundation, if necessary, to get it. When Im free, well be escorted out of the system, and then we part company.Ponyets stared disapprovingly, And then youll muster back and try again.Its my assignment to consider nucleics to Askone.Theyll get you before youve gone a parsec in space. You know that, I suppose.I dont, said Gorov. And if I did, it wouldnt affect things.Theyll kill you the second time.Gorov shrugged.Ponyets said quietly, If Im going to negotiate with the Grand Master again, I want to know the whole story. So far, Ive been working it too blind. As it was, the few mild remarks I did make almost threw his Veneration into fits.Its simple enough, said Gorov. The but way we can increase the security of the Foundation here in the Periphery is to form a religion-controlled commercial empire. Were still too weak to be able to force political control. Its all we can do to hold the Four Kingdoms.Ponyets was nodding. This I realize. And any system that doesnt accept nuclear gadgets can never be placed under our religious controlAnd can therefore pose a central point for independence and antagonism. Yes.All right, then, said Ponyets, so much for theory. Now what exactly prevents the sale. Religion? The Grand Master implied as much.Its a form of ancestor worship. Their traditions tell of an evil past from which they were saved by the simple and virtuous heroes of the past generations. It amounts to a distortion of the anarchic period a century ago, when the regal troops were driven out and an independent government was set up. Advanced science and nuclear force out in particular became identified with the old imperial regime they remember with horror.That so? But they have nice little ships which spotted me very handily two parsecs away. That smells of nucleics to me.Gorov shrugged. Those ships are holdovers of the Empire, no doubt. Probably with nuclear drive. What they have, they keep. The point is that they will not innovate and their internal e conomy is entirely non-nuclear. That is what we must change.How were you going to do it?By breaking the resistance at one point. To put it simply, if I could sell a penknife with a force-field blade to a nobleman, it would be to his affaire to force laws that would allow him to use it. Put that baldly, it sounds silly, but it is sound, psychologically. To make strategic sales, at strategic points, would be to create a pro-nucleics faction at court.And they send you for that purpose, dapple Im but here to ransom you and leave, while you keep on essay? Isnt that sort of tail-backward?In what way? said Gorov, guardedly.Listen, Ponyets was suddenly exasperated, youre a diplomat, not a trader, and calling you a trader wont make you one. This case is for one whos make a business of selling and Im here with a full cargo malodorous into uselessness, and a quota that wont ever be met, it looks like.You mean youre going to risk your life on something that isnt your business? Gorov smil ed thinly.Ponyets said, You mean that this is a subject area of patriotism and traders arent patriotic?Notoriously not. Pioneers never are.All right. Ill grant that. I dont hasten about space to save the Foundation or anything like that. But Im out to make money, and this is my chance. If it helps the Foundation at the same time, all the better. And Ive risked my life on slimmer chances.Ponyets rose, and Gorov rose with him, What are you going to do?The trader smiled, Gorov, I dont know not yet. But if the crux of the matter is to make a sale, then Im your man. Im not a boaster as a general thing, but theres one thing Ill always back up. Ive never ended up below quota yet.The door to the cell opened almost instantly when he knocked, and two guards fell in on either side.4.A show said the Grand Master, grimly. He settled himself well into his furs, and one thin hand grasped the urge on cudgel he used as a cane.And lucky, your Veneration.And gold, agreed the Grand Master, careles sly.Ponyets set the box down and opened it with as fine an expression of confidence as he could manage. He felt alone in the face of universal hostility the way he had felt out in space his first year. The semicircle of bearded councilors who face up him down, stared unpleasantly. Among them was Pherl, the thin-faced favorite who sat next to the Grand Master in stiff hostility. Ponyets had met him erst already and pronounced him immediately as prime enemy, and, as a consequence, prime victim.Outside the hall, a small armament awaited events. Ponyets was effectively isolated from his ship he lacked any weapon, but his attempted bribe and Gorov was still a hostage.He made the final adjustments on the clumsy monstrosity that had cost him a week of ingenuity, and prayed once again that the lead-lined quartz would stand the strain.What is it? asked the Grand Master.This, said Ponyets, stepping back, is a small device I have constructed myself.That is obvious, but it is not the inform ation I want. Is it one of the black-magic abominations of your world?It is nuclear in nature, admitted Ponyets, gravely, but none of you need touch it, or have anything to do with it. It is for myself alone, and if it contains abominations, I take the foulness of it upon myself.The Grand Master had raised his iron cane at the gondola in a threatening gesticulate and his lips moved rapidly and silently in a purifying invocation. The thin-faced councilor at his right leaned towards him and his straggled red mustache approached the Grand Masters ear. The ancient Askonian petulantly shrugged himself free.And what is the connection of your instrument of evil and the gold that whitethorn save your countrymans life?With this machine, began Ponyets, as his hand dropped softly onto the central chamber and caressed its hard, round flanks, I can turn the iron you discard into gold of the finest quality. It is the only device known to man that will take iron the vile iron, your Veneratio n, that props up the chair you sit in and the walls of this building and change it to shining, heavy, yellow gold.Ponyets felt himself botching it. His popular sales talk was smooth, facile and plausible but this limped like a shot-up space wagon. But it was the content, not the form, that arouse the Grand Master.So? Transmutation? Men have been fools who have claimed the ability. They have paid for their curious sacrilege.Had they succeeded?No. The Grand Master seemed coldly amused. Success at producing gold would have been a abomination that carried its own antidote. It is the attempt plus the failure that is fatal. Here, what can you do with my staff? He pounded the floor with it.Your Veneration will excuse me. My device is a small model, prepared by myself, and your staff is too long.The Grand Masters small shining eye wandered and stopped, Randel, your buckles. Come, man, they shall be replaced double if need be.The buckles passed down the line, hand to hand. The Grand Mas ter weighed them thoughtfully.Here, he said, and threw them to the floor.Ponyets picked them up. He tugged hard before the cylinder opened, and his eyes blinked and squinted with effort as he pertain the buckles carefully on the anode screen. Later, it would be easier but there must be no failures the first time.The homespun transmuter crackled malevolently for ten minutes while the odor of ozone became faintly present. The Askonians backed away, muttering, and again Pherl whispered desperately into his rulers ear. The Grand Masters expression was stony. He did not budge.And the buckles were gold.Ponyets held them out to the Grand Master with a murmured, Your Veneration but the old man hesitated, then gestured them away. His stare lingered upon the transmuter.Ponyets said rapidly, Gentlemen, this is pure gold. Gold through and through. You may outlet it to every known physical and chemical test, if you wish to prove the point. It cannot be identified from naturally-occurring gol d in any way. Any iron can be so treated. Rust will not interfere, not will a moderate amount of alloying metalsBut Ponyets spoke only to fill a vacuum. He let the buckles remain in his outstretched hand, and it was the gold that argued for him.The Grand Master stretched out a slow hand at last, and the thin-faced Pherl was roused to open speech. Your Veneration, the gold is from a poisoned source.And Ponyets countered, A rose can grow from the mud, your Veneration. In your dealings with your neighbors, you buy material of all imaginable variety, without inquiring as to where they get it, whether from an orthodox machine blessed by your benign ancestors or from some space-spawned outrage. Come, I dont offer the machine. I offer the gold.Your Veneration, said Pherl, you are not responsible for the sins of foreigners who work neither with your consent nor knowledge. But to accept this strange pseudo-gold made sinfully from iron in your presence and with your consent is an affront to t he living spirits of our holy ancestors.Yet gold is gold, said the Grand Master, doubtfully, and is but an exchange for the heathen person of a convicted felon. Pherl, you are too critical. But he withdrew his hand.Ponyets said, You are wisdom, itself, your Veneration. Consider to give up a heathen is to lose nothing for your ancestors, whereas with the gold you get in exchange you can ornament the shrines of their holy spirits. And surely, were gold evil in itself, if such, a thing could be, the evil would depart of necessity once the metal were put to such pious use.Now by the bones of my grandfather, said the Grand Master with surprising vehemence. His lips separated in a needlelike laugh, Pherl, what do you say of this young man? The statement is valid. It is as valid as the phrases of my ancestors.Pherl said gloomily, So it would seem. Grant that the validity does not turn out to be a device of the cancerous Spirit.Ill make it even better, said Ponyets, suddenly. Hold the g old in hostage. Place it on the altars of your ancestors as an crack and hold me for thirty geezerhood. If at the end of that time, there is no evidence of displeasure if no disasters occur surely, it would be proof that the offering was accepted. What more can be offered?And when the Grand Master rose to his feet to wait out disapproval, not a man in the council failed to signal his agreement. Even Pherl chewed the ragged end of his mustache and nodded curtly.Ponyets smiled and meditated on the uses of a religious education.5.Another week rubbed away before the meeting with Pherl was arranged. Ponyets felt the tension, but he was used to the feeling of physical helplessness now. He had left city limits under guard. He was in Pherls suburban villa under guard. There was nothing to do but accept it without even tone over his shoulder.Pherl was taller and younger outside the circle of Elders. In nonformal costume, he seemed no Elder at all.He said abruptly, Youre a peculiar man. His close-set eyes seemed to quiver. Youve done nothing this last week, and particularly these last two hours, but imply that I need gold. It seems useless labor, for who does not? Why not advance one step?It is not simply gold, said Ponyets, discreetly. Not simply gold. Not merely a coin or two. It is rather all that lies behind gold.Now what can lie behind gold? prodded Pherl, with a down-curved smile. Certainly this is not the preliminary of another clumsy demonstration.Clumsy? Ponyets frowned slightly.Oh, definitely. Pherl folded his hands and nudged them gently with his chin. I dont criticize you. The clumsiness was on purpose, I am sure. I might have warned his Veneration of that, had I been certain of the motive. Now had I been you, I would have produced the gold upon my ship, and offered it alone. The show you offered us and the antagonism you affected would have been dispensed with.True, Ponyets admitted, but since I was myself, I accepted the antagonism for the sake of a ttracting your attention.Is that it? Simply that? Pherl made no effort to hide his contemptuous amusement. And I imagine you suggested the thirty-day purification period that you might date yourself time to turn the attraction into something a bit more substantial. But what if the gold turns out to be impure?Ponyets allowed himself a dark humor in return, When the judgement of that impurity depends upon those who are most interested in finding it pure?Pherl lifted his eyes and stared narrowly at the trader. He seemed at once surprised and satisfied.A sensible point. Now tell me why you wished to attract me.This I will do. In the short time I have been here, I have observed useful facts that concern you and interest me. For instance, you are young-very young for a member of the council, and even of a relatively young family.You criticize my family?Not at all. Your ancestors are great and holy all will admit that. But there are those that say you are not a member of one of the 5 Tri bes.Pherl leaned back, With all respect to those involved, and he did not hide his venom, the Five Tribes have impoverished loins and thin blood. Not fifty members of the Tribes are alive.Yet there are those who say the nation would not be willing to see any man outside the Tribes as Grand Master. And so young and newly-advanced a favorite of the Grand Master is bound to make powerful enemies among the great ones of the State it is said. His Veneration is aging and his protection will not last past his death, when it is an enemy of yours who will undoubtedly be the one to interpret the intelligence operations of his Spirit.Pherl scowled, For a foreigner you hear much. Such ears are made for cropping.That may be decided later.Let me anticipate. Pherl stirred impatiently in his seat. Youre going to offer me wealth and power in terms of those evil little machines you carry in your ship. Well?Suppose it so. What would be your objection? Simply your standard of good and evil?Pherl shoo k his head. Not at all. Look, my Outlander, your opinion of us in your heathen agnosticism is what it is but I am not the entire slave of our mythology, though I may appear so. I am an educated man, sir, and, I hope, an enlightened one. The full depth of our religious customs, in the ritualistic rather than the honest sense, is for the masses.Your objection, then? pressed Ponyets, gently.Just that. The masses. I might be willing to deal with you, but your little machines must be used to be useful. How might riches come to me, if I had to use what is it you sell? well, a razor, for instance, only in the strictest, trembling quiet. Even if my chin were more simply and more neat shaven, how would I become rich? And how would I avoid death by gas chamber or mob frightfulness if I were ever once caught using it?Ponyets shrugged, You are correct. I might point out that the remedy would be to educate your own people into the use of nucleics for their convenience and your own substanti al profit. It would be a gigantic piece of work I dont deny it but the returns would be still more gigantic. Still that is your concern, and, at the moment, not mine at all. For I offer neither razor, knife, nor mechanical drool disposer.What do you offer?Gold itself. Directly. You may have the machine I demonstrated last week.And now Pherl stiffened and the skin on his forehead moved jerkily. The transmuter?Exactly. Your supply of gold will equal your supply of iron. That, I imagine, is sufficient for all needs. Sufficient for the Grand Mastership itself, despite youth and enemies. And it is safe.In what way?In that secrecy is the essence of its use that same secrecy you described as the only safety with regard to nucleics. You may bury the transmuter in the deepest dungeon of the strongest fortress on your furthest estate, and it will still bring you instant wealth. It is the gold you buy, not the machine, and that gold bears no trace of its manufacture, for it cannot be told fro m the natural creation.And who is to operate the machine?Yourself. Five minutes teaching is all you will require. Ill set it up for you wherever you wish.And in return?Well, Ponyets grew cautious. I ask a price and a handsome one. It is my living. Let us say, for it its a valuable machine the equivalent of a cubic foot of gold in wrought iron.Pherl laughed, and Ponyets grew red. I point out, sir, he added, stiffly, that you can get your price back in two hours.True, and in one hour, you might be gone, and my machine might suddenly turn out to be useless. Ill need a guarantee.You have my word.A very good one, Pherl bowed sardonically, but your presence would be an even better assurance. Ill give you my word to pay you one week after delivery in working order.Impossible.Impossible? When youve already incurred the death penalty very handily by even offering to sell me anything. The only alternative is my word that youll get the gas chamber tomorrow otherwise.Ponyets face was expressio nless, but his eyes might have flickered. He said, It is an unfair advantage. You will at least put your promise in writing?And also become liable for execution? No, sir Pherl smiled a broad satisfaction. No, sir Only one of us is a fool.The trader said in a small theatrical role, It is agreed, then.6.Gorov was released on the thirtieth day, and five hundred pounds of the yellowest gold took his place. And with him was released the quarantined and unmoved(p) abomination that was his ship.Then, as on the journey into the Askonian system, so on the journey out, the cylinder of sleek little ships ushered them on their way.Ponyets watched the dimly sun-lit speck that was Gorovs ship while Gorovs voice pierced through to him, clear and thin on the tight, distortion-bounded ether-beam.He was saying, But it isnt whats wanted, Ponyets. A transmuter wont do. Where did you get one, anyway?I didnt, Ponyets answer was patient. I juiced it up out of a food irradiation chamber. It isnt any good , really. The power consumption is prohibitive on any large scale or the Foundation would use transmutation instead of chasing all over the Galaxy for heavy metals. Its one of the standard tricks every trader uses, except that I never saw an iron-to-gold one before. But its impressive, and it works very temporarily.All right. But that particular trick is no good.It got you out of a nasty spot.That is very far from the point. Especially since Ive got to go back, once we shake our solicitous escort.Why?You yourself explained it to this political leader of yours, Gorovs voice was on edge. Your entire sales-point rested on the fact that the transmuter was a means to an end, but of no value in itself, that he was buying the gold, not the machine. It was good psychology, since it worked, butBut? Ponyets urged blandly and obtusely.The voice from the receiver grew shriller, But we want to sell them a machine of value in itself, something they would want to use openly something that would tend to force them out in favor of nuclear techniques as a matter of self-interest.I understand all that, said Ponyets, gently. You once explained it. But look at what follows from my sale, will you? As long as that transmuter lasts, Pherl will coin gold and it will last long enough to buy him the next election. The present Grand Master wont last long.You count on gratitude? asked Gorov, coldly.No on effectual self-interest. The transmuter gets him an election other mechanismsNo No Your premise is twisted. Its not the transmuter, hell credit itll be the good, old-fashioned gold. Thats what Im trying to tell you.Ponyets grinned and shifted into a more comfortable position. All right. Hed baited the poor fellow sufficiently. Gorov was beginning to sound wild.The trader said, Not so fast, Gorov. I havent finished. There are other gadgets already involved.There was a short silence. Then, Gorovs voice sounded cautiously, What other gadgets?Ponyets gestured automatically and uselessly, You see that escort?I do, said Gorov shortly. Tell me about those gadgets.I will, ?if youll listen. Thats Pherls private navy escorting us a special honor to him from the Grand Master. He managed to squeeze that out.So?And where do you think hes taking us? To his mining estates on the outskirts of Askone, thats where. Listen Ponyets was suddenly fiery, I told you I was in this to make money, not to save worlds. All right. I sold that transmuter for nothing. Nothing except the risk of the gas chamber and that doesnt count towards the quota.Get back to the mining estates, Ponyets. Where do they come in?With the profits. Were stacking up on tin, Gorov. Tin to fill every last cubic foot this old scow can bark up, and then some more for yours. Im going down with Pherl to collect, old man, and youre going to cover me from upstairs with every gun youve got just in case Pherl isnt as sporting about the matter as he lets on to be. That tins my profit.For the transmuter?For my entire cargo of nucleics. At double price, plus a bonus. He shrugged, almost apologetically. I admit I gouged him, but Ive got to make quota, dont I?Gorov was evidently lost. He said, weakly, Do you mind explaining?Whats there to explain? Its obvious, Gorov. Look, the clever dog thought he had me in a foolproof trap, because his word was worth more than mine to the Grand Master. He took the transmuter. That was a capital crime in Askone. But at any time he could say that he had lured me on into a trap with the purest of patriotic motives, and stigmatise me as a seller of forbidden things.That was obvious.Sure, but word against simple word wasnt all there was to it. You see, Pherl had never heard nor conceived of a microfilm-recorder.Gorov laughed suddenly.Thats right, said Ponyets. He had the upper hand. I was properly chastened. But when I set up the transmuter for him in my whipped-dog fashion, I incorporated the recorder into the device and removed it in the next days overhaul. I had a perf ect record of his sanctum sanctorum, his holy-of-holies, with he himself, poor Pherl, operating the transmuter for all the ergs it had and shoot a line over his first piece of gold as if it were an egg he had just laid.You showed him the results?Two days later. The poor sap had never seen three-dimensional color-sound images in his life. He claims he isnt superstitious, but if I ever saw an adult look as scared as he did then, call me rookie. When I told him I had a recorder position in the city square, set to go off at twelve noon with a million fanatical Askonians to watch, and to tear him to pieces subsequently, he was gibbering at my knees in half a second. He was ready to make any deal I wanted.Did you? Gorovs voice was suppressing laughter. I mean, have one planted in the city square.No, but that didnt matter. He made the deal. He bought every gadget I had, and every one you had for as much tin as we could carry. At that moment, he believed me capable of anything. The agree ment is in writing and youll have a copy before I go down with him, just as another precaution.But youve damaged his ego, said Gorov. Will he use the gadgets?Why not? Its his only way of recouping his losses, and if he makes money out of it, hell salve his pride. And he will be the next Grand Master and the best man we could have in our favor.Yes, said Gorov, it was a good sale. Yet youve certainly got an uncomfortable sales technique. No wonder you were kicked out of a seminary. Have you no sense of morals?What are the odds? said Ponyets, indifferently. You know what Salvor Hardin said about a sense of morals.

Cherokee Removal

The Cherokee nation were oblige out of their degrade because of the perplextlers greed for everything and anything the land had to offer. Many Cherokee even embraced the subtlety program, abandoning their confess beliefs so that they may be accepted by white settlers. Unfortunately for the Cherokee though, the settlers would never accept them as an equal citizen. A quote from historian Richard White says it very well, The Cherokee are probably the most sad instance of what could perk up succeeded in American Indian policy and didnt.All these things that Americans would proudly see as the h bothmarks of refinement are going to the West by Indian people. They do everything they were asked except one thing. What the Cherokees at long last are, they may be Christian, they may be literate, they may have a govern handst like ours, that ultimately they are Indian. And in the end, creation Indian is what kil direct them. The carey of Hopewell was set up in 1785 and was do w ith either the good intentions, but nobody to enforce the rules. It was set up to start setting up affable relations with the Cherokee, but overly to define the Cherokee borders.It gave the Cherokees the even up to expel of any un cherished person that was on their land. Even with this daintyy though people of both gallium and North Carolina moved onto the Cherokees land, taking as they pleased. This caused there to be battles between settlers and Cherokee. There was a big racial issue when it came to battles though. Whenever the settlers would win a battle it was called an Indian war, but when the Indians would win, it was called a massacre. Henry Knox soon stepped into the picture and he came believing that it was undeniable that both civilized and uncivilized peoples should fight so much.In order to ratify this he implemented a civilization program. As a part of this program, in order to be considered civilized one had to dress, cypher, act, speak, work, and faith the s ame dash. Knox mat the Cherokee just wanted some time to learn these shipway. Knox set up the Treat of Holston in 1791 where it stated, That the Cherokee nation may be let to a greater degree of civilization, and to be bring herdsmen and cultivators, alternatively of remaining in a state of hunters, the get together differentiates will, from time to time, furnish a gratuitously the give tongue to nation with useful implements of husbandry. For the Cherokee this meant leaving legion(predicate) of their traditions behind and embracing the American way of life in order to keep their land. In order to be civilized Cherokee men had to cease hunting and go steady to either the field of herd livestock. This was due(p) to the view by the settlers that the Cherokee men were lazy because the settlers viewed hunting as fun and a sport. Because many snarl that working in the fields was something that is a womans job many turned to herding livestock as an alternative. Cherokee women w ere told that they could no longer work in the fields but should work in the household as a subservient.Many of the Cherokee had a hard time with this as well because they felt up that the women settlers were lazy and they did not want their women to be the same way. Soon though many Cherokee women began working in the household, cooking, cleaning, or sewing. The main way Cherokees could be considered civilized was to accept Christianity. The U. S. administration send missionaries into Indian Territory to build schools. At these schools though they not except taught literature, math, and English, but they alike taught tender Cherokees how to read using the Bible and besides taught them how to pray.Many Cherokees ended up accepting Christianity with a select some not willing, but that was no different than how many white settlers were. Due to the civilization program many Cherokees became extremely wealthy and even ended up purchasing slaves to do field work. These Cherokee me n became get word political leaders for the Cherokee nation. They would end up writing and applying their very own Constitution of the Cherokee Nation which was arousede very similar to out very own constitution. The main c erstrn for most of the Cherokee was land and due to that it was the first thing to be outlined in the Cherokee Constitution.In Article 1-Section 1 it states the boundaries they now posses because of the treaties made with the U. S. and also states that those boundaries shall forever be their land. Cherokees made another important faithfulness close to the selling of land as well in order to keep their borders, The Cherokee Nation Council advised the unite States that it would refuse future ceding requests and enacted a law prohi stinging the sale of national land upon penalty of death. Even with these laws in place a small group of Cherokee set out against the rest of the Nation.Major Ridge, deception Ridge, and Elias Boudinot, signalinged a remotion tre at at the Cherokee capital of fresh Echota without the authority of important Chief John Ross or the Cherokee government. The agreement of pertly Echota required the Cherokee Nation to exchange its national lands for a parcel in the Indian Territory set aside by Congress, in what is now Oklahoma, in 1834 and to relocate there within two years. The national government promised to remit $5 million to the Cherokee Nation, compensate individuals for their buildings and fixtures, and establish for the costs of relocation and acclimation.The United States also promised to honor the title of the Cherokee Nations new land, respect its political autonomy, and protect its tribe from future trespasses. Even though it was completed without the sanction of the Cherokee national government, the U. S. Senate ratified the treaty by a margin of one vote. presidential Chief John Ross tried to prove that it was done without majority consent by getting 16,000 Cherokees to sign a document against t he treaty. Ross tried to fight against the treaty till 1838, when the U. S. army was sent into the Cherokee Nation.In October, the Cherokees were herded into wooden stockades with no food, water, blankets, or sanitation. Most of them were barefoot and had no coats or blankets, yet they were forced to cross-rivers in sub-zero weather. There was slightly 22,000 Cherokees that were forced out of their homes on the Trail of Tears and a total of some 5,500 died along the way of exposure, starvation, and disease. A guard wrote, I fought through the War (Civil War), and I saw men shot to pieces and slaughtered by the thousands, but the Cherokee Removal was the cruelest work I ever knew. Despite everything the Cherokees didchanging all of their traditions, chastening to negotiate, and in conclusion trying to protect themselves with lawsit did not matter. All the settlers cherished from the beginning was to manipulate and operate every bit of land they could from the Cherokee. The Cher okee followed the civilization program and settlers only opinion that, no matter what an Indian could never be civilized. As the historian Richard White cat at the beginning, And in the end, being Indian is what killed them. Cherokee Removalchairwoman Washington and Mr.. Knox did not take into consideration owe the United States people would feel about the Cherokee they felt that no matter what the Cherokee were taught that they would never fully be equal because of race. The Cherokee accepted some of the changes and resisted others, eventually this led to the forced removal of the Cherokee. After several failed treaty attempts, the Cherokee final examly accepted that they would have to leave when soldiers arrived.The final negotiation was for the Cherokee to be able to move alone in the winter or 1838-39 and this would become know as the Trail of Tears because so many Cherokee died along the way. Be approaching Civilized meant changing the ways that the Cherokee were accustomed to. Cherokee women would be more home advancers and the farming that they had done in the past would now fall to the men who had once been the hunters of wild game. The experiment would have the Cherokee taking on more cattle, hogs and they would also begin to nip and tuck sheep.In addition to planting corn they would also plant, cotton, wheat and flax. This also changed how some Cherokee viewed themselves and the way they looked at family. angiotensin-converting enzyme example of that change would be Young Wolf, whom after he died and his Last Will and Testament baseless showed how the views of the Cherokee had started shifting. Before Cherokee traced themselves through their mothers this meant that when Young Wolf died his land and other possessions should have gone to his sisters children.This however did not occur he left his estate to his son. A Cherokee view of civilization had begun early with Cherokee caputs sons moving about the white community easily. They had been ed ucated, were now living in regular housing, had started growing crops such as cotton, and were befitting involved with governance. One such son was named John Ridge, he became involved in national politics as a promoter of civilization and as a patriot who helped to execute the unscrupulous chief Doubleheader for an illegal land sale (Purdue and Green, 32).John Ridge was a big promoter in the civilization process, he was also particularly interested in charting culture change among the Cherokees (Purdue and Green, 34). In order to bowl over the Cherokee people the United States government had Christian missions become involved, as the agent that the government had placed among the Cherokee had not fulfilled the Job. Missionaries took on the role of civilizing the Cherokee, they set up schools, model farms and served as the United States postmasters.This peaceful coalition of missionaries and government agents had a relatively brief tenure (Purdue and Green, 45). With the mission aries immersed with the Cherokees they would prove to not only be commandment t apieceers but also teachers of manners and dress and some would also begin to side with the Cherokee people. The United States government wanted a way to keep track of the Cherokee so in 1835 they would begin quantifying Cherokee civilization. They wanted to know as much as they could about where and what the Cherokee were doing.The government looked at the makeup of the Cherokee family within each home this included whether or not the family had full blooded, squadrons, half-breeds or whites that were related by marriage. This was not all that the government concerned themselves with, they also took note of the style of homes, crops raised, acres farmed, closeness of mills and ferries. The Cherokee were growing commonplace of how the governments, both federal and state, were treating them so they adopted the Cherokee Constitution of 1827 which s similar to that of the United States constitution but it also had some differences as well. The men who convened at New Echoed, the Cherokee capital in the summer of 1827, were no more representative of the Cherokees than the United States founding fathers were of the Americans. They were more likely to be wealthy, literate, and Christian than the average Cherokee (Purdue and Green, 58). The atomic number 31 governor did not like the point that the Cherokee were trying to put together their own constitution and asked chairwoman John Quince Adams to step in however, President Adams would not.Since the President would not step in the gallium Laws were created to try and force the hands of both President Jackson and the Cherokee Nation. These laws were designed to let both the United States and Cherokee Nation know that Georgia meant business and if need be they would take the land that the Cherokee people in use(p) by force because that land belonged to her. The testing of both the Cherokee Constitution and the Georgia laws would come w hen Georgia and the imperious Court went to battle over the Georgia Guard arresting George Tassel a Cherokee citizen.Mr.. Tassel was arrested and convicted under Georgia law for murdering another Cherokee within the Cherokee Nation. The Cherokee Council went to the autonomous Court and challenged this ruling because they stated that Georgia law had no importee in the Cherokee Nation. This however did not prevent Georgia from executing Mr.. Tassel and it also didnt prevent them from creating more laws to make life even harder for the Cherokee Nation. The goal of Georgia from the very beginning had always been dispossessing the Cherokees so they could have Cherokee land.Georgia wanted the Cherokee gone and they thought they had found way when a federal agent realized that many of the wealthiest, including Principal Chief John Ross, had accepted reserves (individual or personal reservations) under the terms of the treaties of 1817 and 1819 (Purdue and Green, 84). To politicians withi n Georgia this meant that the Cherokee had no right to the land that they had acquired within the Nation in Georgia. Soon people who had start coming into Georgia and the Cherokee Nation and were considered the white intruders because they would push the Cherokee people out of their homes and off of their land.This was because Georgia had passed more laws were making it okay for people to fair come in and push the Cherokees off of their land. The Cherokee Nation was surveyed and plotted into heaps lotteries were held for males, widows, orphans all of whom could obtain one ticket, however a veteran could obtain two tickets. Once the lotteries were held, name calling drawn and small fees paid those that won that piece of land could then go in and take it from the rightful Cherokee owners. In Defense of the Cherokees the William Penn Essays were actually works of Jeremiah Averts, hive administrative officer of the large interdenominational missionary consortium the American Board of C ommissionaires for Foreign Missions (Purdue and Green, 103). These essays were in defense of the Cherokee and what Georgians people were doing to them it was also a way for other people to let the President and Congress know how they felt about the interference of the Cherokee people and the forceful removal that the Cherokee faced.These essays led to American women organize against removal with the lead role being interpreted by Catherine Beechen, who was not only an educator but a writer as well, she wrote anonymously on behalf of the Cherokee people. With her Journal articles she called for women to petition Congress to defeat the impending Indian Removal Act (Purdue and Green, 110-11). resistor to Indian removal, therefore, politically empowered women in the United States and provided them with a public articulate despite their disfranchisement (Purdue and Green, 111).However, Lewis Sacs Justifies removal because he was presumed to be the leading figure for United States Indi an Policy this is because of his experience with the Great Lake Indians. Mr.. Sacs believes that if the Indians do not become civilized and remain uncivilized that they will perish. This led to Mr.. Sacs writing his opinion of why he thought it necessary to remove the Cherokee from Georgia the Cherokee would not honor Georgia law. The Cherokee felt that they need only to obey Cherokee law Mr..Sacs disagreed with that thought and let it be known that the Cherokee would need to be take away if they could not follow state law. Congress Acts like a bunch of overbearing bullies Georgia in the end gets what it wants and the Indian Removal Act is passed on May 28, 1830. The Indian Removal Act was not charming in the fact that there was a bunch of bitter, emotional and exhausting arguing going on in both the House and the Senate. However, evil won out over good in the fact that the Bill passed and the President still refused to stand up for the Cherokee against Georgia.This is when Andre w Jackson applauds the Removal Act in his State of the Union address, December 8, 1829. Andrew Jacksons address publicly clarified his recognition of the sovereign rights of the states over the Indian countrified within their borders (Purdue and Green, 125). President Jackson ever felt as if the Cherokee or any Indian would or could be civilized. The Indians, therefore, had two choices They could emigrate beyond the Mississippi or submit to the laws of those States (Purdue and Green 125). Women and removal in 1817 and 1818 had on two separate occasions Cherokee women choosing to speak up.They spoke up when it came to the removal and the allotment of lands. They did not want to move and they did not want any more land to be sold they felt as if they had done everything that they possibly could to follow what the President had wanted them to do. They had become farmers, manufactured their own clothing, to have our children instructed. To this advice we have attended in everything as far as we were able (Purdue and Green, 133). So then fictitious name Biotins editorials in The Cherokee Phoenix took up the cause for the Cherokee people.The newspaper was for anyone who subscribed, so not only Cherokee, but United States citizens and British could read about the plight of the Cherokee people the paper would go into detail about Cherokee removal, residuum from the President, Secretary of War and Principal Chief as well as the position of the Cherokee on removal. The accordance of New Echoed was drawn up and it involved Alias Button, John Ridge, and other Cherokee leaders after the fruition that they would probably never receive the justice they deserved.This realization finally came after missionaries that had sided with the Cherokee had been ordered released by the Supreme Court and Georgia refused to do so. This new treaty set up provisions for the Cherokee they would receive pay for their losses and provisions for the move. However, the the opposition continu es with John Ross, Principal Chief for the Cherokee, trying everything that he knew to do to try and prevent the injustices that were being aired out against the Cherokee.He not only tried to get the Treaty of New Echoed thrown out because he claimed that the Treaty company, behaved unethically, illegally, and undemocratically and he believed they had subverted the incontrovertible will of the people (Purdue and Green, 153). John Ross also tried his best to get more money for the land in the East, title to the land in the west guaranteed, alternatives to removal, and possibly emigration into Mexico so that the Cherokee people would be finished with the United States once and for all.None of these worked for John Ross o he took to writing about the injustices done to the Cherokee people not only by the United States but also by the Treaty Party, with the help of a friend John Howard Payne. The Treaty Partys Defense was taken up by Alias Button who along with the others whom had forme d the Treaty Party believed that the only way for Cherokees to get out of their current situation was to give up land. The Georgia Laws prevented the Cherokee from guardianship any type of elections or debates regarding the removal process and so therefore Button could not voice his opinions or concerns for the Cherokee people.The only way that Button had to get his point across was to start writing about what he felt the Cherokee people needed to hear in other publications. Button also felt that most Cherokee would and could not make rational decisions when it came to removal. This all led up to enrollment for the Cherokees which was not only a slow process but one that not many would take into consideration. The Cherokee that did enroll would wind their citizenship and then there was the matter of discouraging others from signing the enrollment forms. With Georgia being so mad about the slowness of the move, President Jackson appointed n 1831 Benjamin F. cash as chief enrolling agent. Mr.. Currency wanted to make the lives of the Cherokee Indians so bad that they would take to the move without further stall. However, forced removal would come to the Cherokee in the end they were forced into stockades in which many died before the move even began. Some of the missionaries whom had been with the Cherokee and had taken up their cause went along with them to the stockades. This move would prove to the Cherokee Just how much the missionaries cared for them and the situation that the United States had put the Cherokee people in.Even Jones was one of those missionaries and he would be placed in charge of one of the many detachments of Cherokee people when they finally start moving along the Trail of Tears. Once the move began the Cherokee people would be wait to cross the Mississippi because of huge chunks of ice which made the dangerous river even more so. Some of the detachments of Cherokee would summer camp along the river as they waited for the thaw to occu r this waiting was unbearable, extremely cold and very damp. These conditions were another understanding some of the Cherokee would not make it to the new Cherokee Nation.The removal to the new Cherokee Nation was not only operose for the older Cherokee but also to the Cherokee children. Removal through a childs eyes was a very trying thing to swallow the children see that their lives are not being valued by the United States. They are being forced to move once again from land that is rightfully their peoples some of them are also being separated from their families. For them it is probably difficult to understand the full extent of what is happening and some of them were told of what happened as they grew up because of their young age at the mime of the removal.Once the Cherokee finally reach their destination it is time for rebuild the Cherokee Nation which still consists of political turmoil however, the resilient Cherokee people are starting to rebuild their lives. non only are they building homes, but they are farming, sending their children to school and attending council meetings. It is as if things are starting to become normal for them again they want to forget the past and look towards their future. Removal cl years later is still something that should be taught and talked about. As you read of the things that theUnited States people did to the natives of this great agricultural it is Just horrendous to think that this is how this country began. In reading the Cherokee Removal it teaches you Just the kind of trials and tribulations that the Cherokee people went through. To think that the people of the United States called the Cherokee or other Indians uncivilized is a laughing matter if anyone in this country was uncivilized it would be the people who came in and took over what rightfully belonged to the natives. Cherokee Removal is something that should have never been allowed to happen hey were here first.If the Cherokee rebelled they had ever y right to do so, they were losing everything that they had worked for to people who hadnt lifted a finger to do so. This brings me to a whole new realization that the great United States and her people back then were not so great, they were bullies, many of which would not stand up for what is right in this world. They wouldnt take a stand to those who thought that they could Just come in and take over a land that did not belong to them. raft of power sometimes Just need a good cold lesson in manners and hats right and whats wrong.